Being told you or someone you love has breast cancer can feel like the ground just shifted. But knowing what it means and what can be done about it helps bring back a sense of control. Let’s know about the different stages of breast cancer and the treatments available. 

Understanding the Stages of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is usually divided into stages 0 to 4. The stage describes how much the cancer has grown or spread in the body:

• Stage 0: This is the earliest stage. The cancer cells are only in the ducts of the breast and have not spread to nearby tissues.
  
• Stage 1: The tumour is small and may have spread slightly into nearby tissue, but not the lymph nodes.
  
• Stage 2: The tumour may be larger or may have spread to a few lymph nodes under the arm.
  
• Stage 3: This stage usually involves more lymph nodes or a tumour growing into nearby tissues like the chest wall.

• Stage 4: Cancer has spread to other parts of the body, like the liver, lungs, or bones.

Detecting cancer in the early stages, especially Stage 0 or 1, often means simpler treatments and a better chance of recovery. If you have never had a breast exam or mammogram, now is a great time to start. Dr. Mukti Mukherjee, an experienced radiation oncologist in Kolkata, carefully assesses each case to decide the most suitable course of action. 

Common Treatment Options

Breast cancer treatment is not the same for everyone. It depends on the stage, the type of cancer, and the individual’s health. Here are some of the most common options:

• Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy targets any remaining cancer cells. It helps lower the risk of cancer returning.

• Chemotherapy: This is often recommended for higher-stage cancers. Chemotherapy helps shrink tumours and destroy cancer cells that may have spread.

• Hormone Therapy: For hormone-sensitive cancers, medications block hormones like estrogen that fuel cancer growth. 

• Targeted Therapy: These are drugs that specifically attack cancer cells without harming normal cells as much.

What Should You Do Next?

Catching breast cancer early makes a huge difference in treatment success. If you have noticed changes in your breast, like a lump, unusual discharge, or skin changes, consult a doctor and get yourself checked. 

Dr. Mukti Mukherjee, a radiation oncologist in Kolkata, can provide you with the care, support and guidance you need.